This work highlights the importance of data collected through citizen science for studying extreme geomagnetic storms. The Gannon storm was an unprecedented opportunity to test the limitations of citizen science data collection and to offer solutions to enable similar studies in the future. This study has great potential to be of interest to the wider public.

This paper creates a visual physically plausible causal chain to communicate long-term changes in local climate risk, using flooding in a UK river basin as an example. This chain places local hazards, such as flooding, within the broader context of global climate change, including factors like global carbon dioxide emissions and temperature changes. It relies exclusively on observations, thereby avoiding the additional uncertainties associated with climate scenarios that might hinder understanding in certain situations. This causal chain idea has the potential to be a powerful communication tool for clearly communicating risks and the contributing factors, engaging with local communities, and addressing common misconceptions like the “Myth of Dry Feet” - a Dutch expression implying that extreme events such as floods only happen elsewhere, and won't happen "here" or "to me". While this chain is created for flood risk in the UK, it has the potential for broader application in various geoscience fields.

Engaging a broad public in climate sciences is crucial for educating and motivating action. In turn, assessing communication initiatives can contribute to improving these activities for all involved. Through a systematic literature review, the authors emphasise the scarcity of peer-reviewed publications evaluating the outcomes of scientists' science communication efforts. The paper underscores the need to transparently assess these activities, whether successful or not, in order to advance the field. Although the focus of this paper is on public engagement in climate science, the implications extend to various geoscience domains.

This paper is timely because of its focus on going beyond interdisciplinary to transdisciplinary - which is a hot topic for the field and in academia. This would be of interest to the broader public because explicitly described transdisciplinary approaches to decision-making are appearing in national and international conversations (e.g., at the 2023 United Nations General Assembly).

This is an invited review article to accompany the EGU's Katia and Maurice Kraft Award 2023, an EGU medal to highlight Dr Illingsworth's work. The article offers practical recommendations for successful geoscience communication and delivers valuable insights for researchers, educators, communicators, and policymakers interested in engaging with diverse audiences.